1 00:00:02,08 --> 00:00:05,70 Hey thanks for inviting me. Thanks everybody for coming. 2 00:00:05,70 --> 00:00:11,17 This research at sizing the Where will the decentralized where is. 3 00:00:11,17 --> 00:00:15,51 Is a topic. Dear to my heart. 4 00:00:15,51 --> 00:00:21,93 And it is great to have so much energy booster start helping a lot of energy goes 5 00:00:21,93 --> 00:00:22,19 over 6 00:00:22,19 --> 00:00:26,49 and just from having booster involved Never mind all the other people since we have 7 00:00:26,49 --> 00:00:29,79 a great crowd here today. So it's very exciting. 8 00:00:29,79 --> 00:00:36,28 So I suppose I've been asked to as well start just a little bit touch back on the 9 00:00:36,28 --> 00:00:41,77 original you know what it was like back then any other lessons. 10 00:00:41,77 --> 00:00:46,03 Not that I'm not but neither are you a break. 11 00:00:46,03 --> 00:00:50,96 If you just turn the project off would be good in lots of housewives. 12 00:00:50,96 --> 00:00:55,29 This is a very yellow situation. 13 00:00:55,29 --> 00:00:59,69 It's also a really interesting quasi religious sensation when you are saying 14 00:00:59,69 --> 00:01:02,92 that if you re worried about people I think had weird dreams 15 00:01:02,92 --> 00:01:09,33 and a buddy who just woke up here in a yellow light falls church with 16 00:01:09,33 --> 00:01:15,02 sacred relics containing all of human knowledge of the back of the room flashing 17 00:01:15,02 --> 00:01:19,96 lights would definitely think they woke up in some kind of Saif I rerun 18 00:01:19,96 --> 00:01:24,53 or something because this is very surreal. 19 00:01:24,53 --> 00:01:29,68 So very it's a special good to be here in this church of the church of all 20 00:01:29,68 --> 00:01:35,42 knowledge so. Back then. 21 00:01:35,42 --> 00:01:38,11 OK so when I had done his work. 22 00:01:38,11 --> 00:01:43,24 Thank you Bob can approx twenty years before I did the web thing OK they did it. 23 00:01:43,24 --> 00:01:44,29 Sixty nine. 24 00:01:44,29 --> 00:01:49,76 Eighty nine totally different music very different situations it took twenty years 25 00:01:49,76 --> 00:01:52,05 for the people in Europe to actually get around to realising 26 00:01:52,05 --> 00:01:55,32 that the Internet wasn't something was something they could use even though they 27 00:01:55,32 --> 00:01:59,85 didn't invent it themselves and so it became politically appropriate for to use it. 28 00:02:00,00 --> 00:02:03,47 Cernan and the connectivity which had with Matt Morris throughout the U.S. 29 00:02:03,47 --> 00:02:08,96 Has actually percolated through often through people. 30 00:02:08,96 --> 00:02:12,51 Doing it kind of against about buses buses. 31 00:02:12,51 --> 00:02:13,42 Requests 32 00:02:13,42 --> 00:02:16,90 and actually running ID packets over liners which have been lent to them for other 33 00:02:16,90 --> 00:02:21,34 purposes quietly telling and things but it was there its own and I could use it 34 00:02:21,34 --> 00:02:26,52 and I had my bath Yeah that photo was big big signing on 35 00:02:26,52 --> 00:02:32,24 that piece of paper which turned up only after he died unfortunate ten years later 36 00:02:32,24 --> 00:02:34,26 they found that and his belongings. 37 00:02:34,26 --> 00:02:38,03 So at 38 00:02:38,03 --> 00:02:43,75 that point the objective was to make something universal. 39 00:02:43,75 --> 00:02:47,58 I see nothing else of people make really really call documentation systems which 40 00:02:47,58 --> 00:02:54,54 required you to log in to a particular system use a particular format use a 41 00:02:54,54 --> 00:02:59,11 particular server use it to get client use if you get a word processor use project 42 00:02:59,11 --> 00:03:03,76 or even use a particular structure like some of them would feel oriented some of 43 00:03:03,76 --> 00:03:05,48 the matrix oriented and the people 44 00:03:05,48 --> 00:03:10,20 and the guys who do who had matrix I did mine designed matrix oriented 45 00:03:10,20 --> 00:03:13,46 documentation systems which you had to choose a sort of classification 46 00:03:13,46 --> 00:03:14,54 and a category 47 00:03:14,54 --> 00:03:17,77 and the people who are tree are in it just about one wouldn't use it. 48 00:03:17,77 --> 00:03:22,92 So it's a constant rebellion of people refusing to use documents documentation 49 00:03:22,92 --> 00:03:24,62 control systems and help systems. 50 00:03:24,62 --> 00:03:28,56 So the result was at CERN which had lots of really cool people there was this mass 51 00:03:28,56 --> 00:03:33,07 of heterogeneity and yeah just stepping back from it. 52 00:03:33,07 --> 00:03:37,18 Realizing actually all these systems different though they were they all could be 53 00:03:37,18 --> 00:03:38,71 viewed as just hypertext pages 54 00:03:38,71 --> 00:03:43,79 and so in fact you just take a bit of code to put on to run on those systems to 55 00:03:43,79 --> 00:03:45,61 convert them into hyper X. 56 00:03:45,61 --> 00:03:52,36 Pages within this global system those they are getting actually to 57 00:03:52,36 --> 00:03:58,74 take off strictly involved making a lot of comp some of interest 58 00:03:58,74 --> 00:04:04,63 and offend a lot of compromises. Like the data format H.T.M.L. 59 00:04:04,63 --> 00:04:07,15 It looks like S.G.M.L. Particular S.Q.L. 60 00:04:07,15 --> 00:04:11,10 The way certain people were using it to tag each one was because the people I work 61 00:04:11,10 --> 00:04:14,90 with were used to writing H one of the front in front of the heading 62 00:04:14,90 --> 00:04:19,52 and so they go along with that they look and say yeah that's. The mark. 63 00:04:19,52 --> 00:04:22,19 You know whatever I can do that. And the A.T.P. 64 00:04:22,19 --> 00:04:23,76 To anguish and so 65 00:04:23,76 --> 00:04:27,34 that is using will back it so why should the never pretty good news angle brackets 66 00:04:27,34 --> 00:04:31,14 to well ask because a network protocols doesn't. If you look. 67 00:04:31,14 --> 00:04:32,14 But if you look at S.N. 68 00:04:32,14 --> 00:04:38,35 T P N N N T Never news but all existing protocols once it carried mail 69 00:04:38,35 --> 00:04:41,06 and carried that Usenet news for those. 70 00:04:41,06 --> 00:04:47,37 Of the old enough to remember Usenet used back then great system those 71 00:04:47,37 --> 00:04:53,18 protocols all had a different way of being they had us all uppercase verbs 72 00:04:53,18 --> 00:04:59,94 and. Lines and they sent for example like mail messages around. 73 00:04:59,94 --> 00:05:05,29 So he was just a calm concoction of S.M.T.P. and Then in T.P. 74 00:05:05,29 --> 00:05:11,85 With it and so that when Internet programmers back then looked at oh I can do that. 75 00:05:11,85 --> 00:05:18,57 That's a very forward. You're not trying to pull me into some weird weird space. 76 00:05:18,57 --> 00:05:22,65 So all of the U.R.L. Thing I've had to have that we call you or else now. 77 00:05:22,65 --> 00:05:27,24 But they called their user document identifiers back then and the. 78 00:05:27,24 --> 00:05:33,52 And the the U.T.I. Was designed to look as much as possible like a UNIX file. 79 00:05:33,52 --> 00:05:39,90 I must admit I had no compunctions all about making the fascist go the right 80 00:05:39,90 --> 00:05:41,91 original way even though a lot of the world 81 00:05:41,91 --> 00:05:45,89 that point where we're putting them in backwards for reasons 82 00:05:45,89 --> 00:05:48,77 that historians will just like books about are agile 83 00:05:48,77 --> 00:05:54,51 but so the fashion is it's great to have the sword the fascist in the right way 84 00:05:54,51 --> 00:05:59,75 but then filenames were were good up to the point where you got to the root of your. 85 00:06:00,00 --> 00:06:01,51 Of your computer 86 00:06:01,51 --> 00:06:05,90 and then it was a question of what to do about then the network piece of it 87 00:06:05,90 --> 00:06:09,33 and the double flash actually came from the Pollard 88 00:06:09,33 --> 00:06:13,64 or main system the part of the main system that folks had on local area network. 89 00:06:13,64 --> 00:06:18,38 You could address files and other systems by putting a double sized computer in. 90 00:06:18,38 --> 00:06:21,72 So the idea was to get anybody seen as follows. Main system. 91 00:06:21,72 --> 00:06:26,43 Then would use it so it's a lot of the. 92 00:06:26,43 --> 00:06:30,79 A lot of the web design was about picking up things 93 00:06:30,79 --> 00:06:34,65 that people had already used them and putting them together so 94 00:06:34,65 --> 00:06:37,60 that people would feel it was strange. 95 00:06:37,60 --> 00:06:38,75 I just mentioned 96 00:06:38,75 --> 00:06:42,77 that one of the things which is kind of which is useful is if we can over then 97 00:06:42,77 --> 00:06:46,01 build systems produces gether we have to probably use 98 00:06:46,01 --> 00:06:52,06 that technique incremental change only change the piece says that we need. 99 00:06:52,06 --> 00:06:55,69 But then don't know. While what happened was the thing that actually did take off. 100 00:06:55,69 --> 00:06:59,24 It was never clear that he was going to take off. 101 00:06:59,24 --> 00:07:01,32 Now people every human is a done deal 102 00:07:01,32 --> 00:07:05,26 but still you have to be careful the way it is still fail but 103 00:07:05,26 --> 00:07:08,10 when it took off to sell 104 00:07:08,10 --> 00:07:12,56 when to rewind you back the first first five ten years of the web. 105 00:07:12,56 --> 00:07:19,40 Then there was a sort of a sudden sort of euphoria about breaking down 106 00:07:19,40 --> 00:07:24,23 those boundaries the Internet was designed without the nation being a concept. 107 00:07:24,23 --> 00:07:26,77 So in fact is it's difficult to. 108 00:07:26,77 --> 00:07:31,12 If you could find out where the where use of your website is 109 00:07:31,12 --> 00:07:32,58 but you have to take effort. 110 00:07:32,58 --> 00:07:37,65 It's not obvious that the internet packets by default cross boundaries. 111 00:07:37,65 --> 00:07:44,53 So this thing he was a space which was different from nations here was a space not 112 00:07:44,53 --> 00:07:49,68 people like John Perry Barlow and that people wrote about cyberspace is new 113 00:07:49,68 --> 00:07:51,81 and different and we can do everything right in the cyber space 114 00:07:51,81 --> 00:07:55,33 and we can all be you know we can be one big hit and 115 00:07:55,33 --> 00:07:59,47 or it can be one big scam is very very can be one. 116 00:08:00,00 --> 00:08:04,44 Big budget but everybody felt that it would be one big and the 117 00:08:04,44 --> 00:08:06,95 and they got very excited about the fact 118 00:08:06,95 --> 00:08:09,54 that anybody could write make a blog anybody could make a website 119 00:08:09,54 --> 00:08:14,18 and then your web site would be making some files putting them on your computer 120 00:08:14,18 --> 00:08:15,90 downloading the A.T.P. 121 00:08:15,90 --> 00:08:19,24 Demon and running and Peter and putting your computer into the Internet 122 00:08:19,24 --> 00:08:24,78 and then bingo. You were a publisher and the fact that anybody could publish. 123 00:08:24,78 --> 00:08:26,97 I think everybody felt that was really really 124 00:08:26,97 --> 00:08:31,37 that was nifty to the extent it was going to completely change society. 125 00:08:31,37 --> 00:08:33,67 It was going to fall is going to be big leveler 126 00:08:33,67 --> 00:08:36,90 that culturally everybody will be able their ideas out there 127 00:08:36,90 --> 00:08:43,34 and by just linking to in your blog to the blogs of other people you respected we 128 00:08:43,34 --> 00:08:49,15 would end up creating a web of very intelligent discussion which would address all 129 00:08:49,15 --> 00:08:53,65 the issues and resolve all the problems of the day in and. 130 00:08:53,65 --> 00:09:00,49 So and so do. 131 00:09:00,49 --> 00:09:03,16 And in the years of follow. 132 00:09:03,16 --> 00:09:08,05 We have quietly moved on large and wonderful things have been done 133 00:09:08,05 --> 00:09:09,13 and the creativity 134 00:09:09,13 --> 00:09:13,84 that people put into building on top of the web platform has been wonderful. 135 00:09:13,84 --> 00:09:16,49 Of course the whole idea of a platform. 136 00:09:16,49 --> 00:09:20,26 The Internet was a platform the great thing about went mental health for me didn't 137 00:09:20,26 --> 00:09:22,80 think about good thing about happen doesn't have attitude. 138 00:09:22,80 --> 00:09:26,10 It didn't have any of this is about where you should use it for Similarly the web 139 00:09:26,10 --> 00:09:29,41 no attitude about what you use it for and therefore no constraints 140 00:09:29,41 --> 00:09:31,28 and what use it for is universal. 141 00:09:31,28 --> 00:09:35,13 You can do whatever you like an app for a massive amount of creativity innovation 142 00:09:35,13 --> 00:09:37,00 and creativity and innovation 143 00:09:37,00 --> 00:09:41,83 that has produced wonderful things like very powerful social networks where people 144 00:09:41,83 --> 00:09:47,02 spent a lot of that time and time recently but recently said our seniors. 145 00:09:47,02 --> 00:09:49,32 Last five years. 146 00:09:49,32 --> 00:09:55,16 Last two years particularly people have been coming up to me 147 00:09:55,16 --> 00:09:59,93 and I realize they're out their business sort of unease their money. 148 00:10:00,20 --> 00:10:06,14 Because there's people thinking wait a minute that that that utopian. 149 00:10:06,14 --> 00:10:11,02 Leveling of society and that reinvention of our systems of governance and 150 00:10:11,02 --> 00:10:17,23 and our systems of debate what handler and the answer is well people 151 00:10:17,23 --> 00:10:20,60 that I thought you know we we hope will be making their own websites 152 00:10:20,60 --> 00:10:24,73 and we imagine fancily you know putting them on the computer sitting on the T.V.. 153 00:10:24,73 --> 00:10:28,39 Actually no actually they're all just on one great big web site. 154 00:10:28,39 --> 00:10:29,32 And it turns out that 155 00:10:29,32 --> 00:10:32,50 when you talk to them they're quite frustrated because you Fox News find a typical 156 00:10:32,50 --> 00:10:33,59 day. 157 00:10:33,59 --> 00:10:38,19 In the life of a person out there is 158 00:10:38,19 --> 00:10:39,92 that they're they have their friends on Facebook 159 00:10:39,92 --> 00:10:43,12 and they have some photos on Flickr 160 00:10:43,12 --> 00:10:46,59 or they have their colleagues are all on Linked In 161 00:10:46,59 --> 00:10:52,46 and they then all they want to do is I've uploaded some photos to flicker 162 00:10:52,46 --> 00:10:57,75 and they just want to share those photos with their colleagues on it with their 163 00:10:57,75 --> 00:11:02,63 friends who happen to be on Facebook and you know what they cut 164 00:11:02,63 --> 00:11:05,17 and you know and that's really 165 00:11:05,17 --> 00:11:09,81 when you look at it is really stupid where even if you in this world of course know 166 00:11:09,81 --> 00:11:13,99 you have to either tell you about all your friends and all your colleagues 167 00:11:13,99 --> 00:11:17,62 or you have to move the photos to Facebook or You have to 168 00:11:17,62 --> 00:11:21,05 or you have to build. 169 00:11:21,05 --> 00:11:24,17 You have to move your photos on to Linked In or separately and send it out. 170 00:11:24,17 --> 00:11:30,33 Separately or you can build a third application and get and run it 171 00:11:30,33 --> 00:11:34,22 and get it get it the right to extract the list of friends from Facebook 172 00:11:34,22 --> 00:11:38,34 and you can try to build a third application which will will build a bridge between 173 00:11:38,34 --> 00:11:38,78 those two 174 00:11:38,78 --> 00:11:41,76 but then you have to learn of if you develop you have to learn Facebook A.P.I. 175 00:11:41,76 --> 00:11:45,52 Noted on the Internet A.P.I. NAFTA and security. And. 176 00:11:45,52 --> 00:11:48,35 You know a lot of the just mail under them 177 00:11:48,35 --> 00:11:54,79 or with a stamp on it because this all my life has been 178 00:11:54,79 --> 00:11:59,58 stuck in the silos. So the file wise ation of the web. 179 00:12:00,00 --> 00:12:04,05 Is what people are suddenly finding are starting to be wrecked against was a great 180 00:12:04,05 --> 00:12:08,96 car if I had one side it would be the cartoon the from The Economist did several 181 00:12:08,96 --> 00:12:13,50 years ago now about of people the. 182 00:12:13,50 --> 00:12:19,64 Showing how like prison cells the world has got the walls where you are 183 00:12:19,64 --> 00:12:20,39 when you're in one thousand 184 00:12:20,39 --> 00:12:24,64 that work really hard to get the other one the people walking on top of the walls 185 00:12:24,64 --> 00:12:27,86 trying to hold help a friends up and over intellects 186 00:12:27,86 --> 00:12:30,94 or phone social networking sites great coffee. 187 00:12:30,94 --> 00:12:37,90 So they really are a situation where the Internet was 188 00:12:37,90 --> 00:12:41,94 designed to be basically decentralized we can talk about the detail. 189 00:12:41,94 --> 00:12:45,58 Vince going to some of the issues I've written with the N.S.A. 190 00:12:45,58 --> 00:12:48,27 and The web says I need to be decentralized so everybody can make 191 00:12:48,27 --> 00:12:52,80 that everyone could be they really we could participate by having their own domain 192 00:12:52,80 --> 00:12:55,00 having their own web server and this wasn't hell 193 00:12:55,00 --> 00:13:01,19 and in fact we've got situation where individual personal data and ways. 194 00:13:01,19 --> 00:13:05,70 Has been locked up in the silos and there is 195 00:13:05,70 --> 00:13:08,94 and one of the features of the last few years is 196 00:13:08,94 --> 00:13:15,45 that if you read the trade press you read magazines what the first thing you to get 197 00:13:15,45 --> 00:13:19,59 of the top of the lot of articles and certainly anything in the. 198 00:13:19,59 --> 00:13:26,36 In the marketing world is the assumption I say well what's the world today 199 00:13:26,36 --> 00:13:31,90 is one where the consumer gets a whole whole lot of things for free. 200 00:13:31,90 --> 00:13:35,07 And the deal the consumer has done is 201 00:13:35,07 --> 00:13:41,35 that they sold their soul of their privacy to No together things are free 202 00:13:41,35 --> 00:13:43,83 and whatever when they sell it 203 00:13:43,83 --> 00:13:50,03 when they always give away the privacy to the thing the machine to the marketing 204 00:13:50,03 --> 00:13:52,76 system to ever it is eventually because the data 205 00:13:52,76 --> 00:13:58,78 that has been captured by you in all these many ways and. 206 00:13:58,78 --> 00:13:59,88 What happens. 207 00:14:00,00 --> 00:14:00,05 So 208 00:14:00,05 --> 00:14:04,51 that allows them to suddenly get targeted with all kinds of things becomes impossible 209 00:14:04,51 --> 00:14:10,02 to let that person not that you. Not know that you're pregnant. 210 00:14:10,02 --> 00:14:10,70 So you end up getting 211 00:14:10,70 --> 00:14:15,43 and your child ends up getting things for the rest of their life. 212 00:14:15,43 --> 00:14:16,74 From just 213 00:14:16,74 --> 00:14:22,64 when you're buying patterns which from going out a lot needing to buying diapers 214 00:14:22,64 --> 00:14:27,36 and buying you buy the first trip because the system actually makes a huge amount 215 00:14:27,36 --> 00:14:30,50 of use of that data which people find it funny a little bit creepy 216 00:14:30,50 --> 00:14:32,54 but there's an assumption is that. 217 00:14:32,54 --> 00:14:35,77 But yeah everybody's happy with that that is the deal. 218 00:14:35,77 --> 00:14:37,48 They're not totally happy with 219 00:14:37,48 --> 00:14:42,09 but you know they're so happy to get search for free and free that 220 00:14:42,09 --> 00:14:46,50 and that's and that's how it works 221 00:14:46,50 --> 00:14:49,81 and the only way to make out of sizing on a moment. 222 00:14:49,81 --> 00:14:54,07 You know is by money if it is advertising. 223 00:14:54,07 --> 00:14:59,71 So what's wrong with this picture. What's wrong with this picture. 224 00:14:59,71 --> 00:15:06,10 That I think start with that hold the the deal that the deal because you were gone. 225 00:15:06,10 --> 00:15:11,36 So I put it to you. It's a myth. It's a myth that it has to be. 226 00:15:11,36 --> 00:15:15,29 I think is a myth that everybody's happy with it and I think it's a myth 227 00:15:15,29 --> 00:15:16,94 that it's optimal. 228 00:15:16,94 --> 00:15:22,38 So in fact what's weird about it is if you think of me as a consumer. 229 00:15:22,38 --> 00:15:28,34 I have my date or I go for a run. I go for a run say using some gadget. 230 00:15:28,34 --> 00:15:30,12 And my gadget can be communicated by 231 00:15:30,12 --> 00:15:34,26 and what to do with my laptop might have to publish it to the cloud and then 232 00:15:34,26 --> 00:15:38,66 that power knows all about how well fast Iran today. 233 00:15:38,66 --> 00:15:44,82 Will you know what value of that little piece of data about how well Iran today. 234 00:15:44,82 --> 00:15:49,02 Is about some guy with some demographic and it's a little bit about how 235 00:15:49,02 --> 00:15:53,57 when some guy with some in some particular demographic is choosing to keep it. 236 00:15:53,57 --> 00:15:58,82 Today for the point of view of marketers it tells you a little bit about. 237 00:16:00,00 --> 00:16:03,41 About what I buy myself. 238 00:16:03,41 --> 00:16:07,06 Well some of them running shoes because you can figure I'm maybe you can figure out 239 00:16:07,06 --> 00:16:10,26 by looking at the speed I'm running I probably need some new shoes because I'm 240 00:16:10,26 --> 00:16:13,42 going slower because I'm limping assumption by I had a G.P.S. 241 00:16:13,42 --> 00:16:18,49 Traces but you know but basically. The actual value to you. 242 00:16:18,49 --> 00:16:22,99 The marketing machine is actually really really small compared to that actually 243 00:16:22,99 --> 00:16:28,30 when you get my point of view. That that data That's think about me. 244 00:16:28,30 --> 00:16:33,78 OK so if I'm supposing I'm running machine fine track of my life that data. 245 00:16:33,78 --> 00:16:34,55 I'd put it to you 246 00:16:34,55 --> 00:16:38,80 that the data value of the data to me is much greater than the value later to 247 00:16:38,80 --> 00:16:44,11 anybody else. 248 00:16:44,11 --> 00:16:49,19 So. Not for that we're going to questions for that. 249 00:16:49,19 --> 00:16:55,10 I know we have to catch up sometime we didn't talk about selling times any times so 250 00:16:55,10 --> 00:17:01,72 that gives half of questions if we want to questions out. 251 00:17:01,72 --> 00:17:05,16 So the so. 252 00:17:05,16 --> 00:17:11,26 For the proposal is then to 253 00:17:11,26 --> 00:17:17,45 bring back the idea of a decentralized web bring back power to people the things 254 00:17:17,45 --> 00:17:24,10 we're doing at MIT various other organizations are involved just breaking 255 00:17:24,10 --> 00:17:29,90 that model where you all your data is in different silos involves making we have a 256 00:17:29,90 --> 00:17:31,51 project for example which is called solid 257 00:17:31,51 --> 00:17:38,46 and it which involves having a standard so 258 00:17:38,46 --> 00:17:43,09 that when when I get my fit that data. 259 00:17:43,09 --> 00:17:47,89 Whatever it is I can put it in my own storage I can put in calls towards I control 260 00:17:47,89 --> 00:17:51,72 and so where we are thinking we're going to make a social revolution by just 261 00:17:51,72 --> 00:17:54,79 tweaking. We're going to use Web technology but we're going to use it in a way 262 00:17:54,79 --> 00:17:59,36 that we can separate the apps that you use in the data that you use and so 263 00:17:59,36 --> 00:18:02,80 that I can. Control my data imagine I have a place to keep my data and 264 00:18:02,80 --> 00:18:08,95 and so. The. 265 00:18:08,95 --> 00:18:11,25 Whenever I run any app. 266 00:18:11,25 --> 00:18:13,56 It will store data in places I control as a result 267 00:18:13,56 --> 00:18:18,41 when I run something like a lifestyle app it doesn't just get access to the things 268 00:18:18,41 --> 00:18:23,81 in one silo. Like my friends my management. 269 00:18:23,81 --> 00:18:28,14 Doesn't just get access to the stuff at my Facebook site to get access to my whole 270 00:18:28,14 --> 00:18:32,40 life and get access to the pieces other people's lives 271 00:18:32,40 --> 00:18:37,40 that I happen to share with so that's a way in which we're proposing different 272 00:18:37,40 --> 00:18:38,98 tricking the architecture a little bit 273 00:18:38,98 --> 00:18:41,67 but in dramatically changing the way through socially. 274 00:18:41,67 --> 00:18:46,16 There are lots of other ways in which we had to decentralize interest group 275 00:18:46,16 --> 00:18:50,87 information group at MIT for four years I've been talking about these it really 276 00:18:50,87 --> 00:18:51,77 centralizing the weapons 277 00:18:51,77 --> 00:18:58,79 that are really centralized all movement which has meetings in London this. 278 00:18:58,79 --> 00:19:00,29 When then when you but 279 00:19:00,29 --> 00:19:03,89 when you were decentralized you put a whole workshop then you meet all kinds of 280 00:19:03,89 --> 00:19:07,42 interest people who are looking at issues. 281 00:19:07,42 --> 00:19:11,21 Looking at some of the issues for example with the existing web design the fact 282 00:19:11,21 --> 00:19:14,26 that we use the main aims system where you know it was there 283 00:19:14,26 --> 00:19:17,22 and it was clear 284 00:19:17,22 --> 00:19:23,92 that you had issues mentioned one of the things we could do is we could change the 285 00:19:23,92 --> 00:19:27,48 rules for the main aim system so we actually have a dot archive 286 00:19:27,48 --> 00:19:31,91 and top level domain where actually you don't read them. 287 00:19:31,91 --> 00:19:33,02 You get them for ever 288 00:19:33,02 --> 00:19:36,83 and the deal is with if you have anything in the put in the dollar archive to Main 289 00:19:36,83 --> 00:19:39,84 then it's out there to be copied. 290 00:19:39,84 --> 00:19:44,11 It's subject to these interesting protocols and 291 00:19:44,11 --> 00:19:48,48 that the mainstays ever you don't might keep it you may die 292 00:19:48,48 --> 00:19:51,93 but the mainstay is would be managed by somebody else 293 00:19:51,93 --> 00:19:54,83 and if nobody nobody is using it actively 294 00:19:54,83 --> 00:19:59,44 that it will turn they'll just go into the system of all the art. 295 00:20:00,00 --> 00:20:04,78 Into archives in the world. So there are interests other lots of things. 296 00:20:04,78 --> 00:20:09,12 Lots of also really cool systems where you say ness 297 00:20:09,12 --> 00:20:14,17 and let's not use human readable names which have semantics at all because there's 298 00:20:14,17 --> 00:20:19,63 a kind of risky they people by the way. People. 299 00:20:19,63 --> 00:20:24,80 You should think of the euro as a name. Not as a location. 300 00:20:24,80 --> 00:20:30,17 Philosophically is a name it is not a location that is called a U.R.L. 301 00:20:30,17 --> 00:20:33,79 That's because of a battle I lost many years ago 302 00:20:33,79 --> 00:20:37,55 but you should think about it as names and. 303 00:20:37,55 --> 00:20:41,05 One of the ways to move to get people out of the thinking 304 00:20:41,05 --> 00:20:45,14 that these things are locations we can change is to actually not use them a name at 305 00:20:45,14 --> 00:20:51,09 all but to just use say a cryptographic hash of. 306 00:20:51,09 --> 00:20:55,81 The actual text of the thing which it has 307 00:20:55,81 --> 00:20:58,85 and just also interesting property of another things are you can generate a public 308 00:20:58,85 --> 00:21:02,17 private key pair for it and have it identified by the public key 309 00:21:02,17 --> 00:21:05,49 when you keep the private key allies huge to change it 310 00:21:05,49 --> 00:21:08,82 and you can put the changes into the box change if you believe all if you do 311 00:21:08,82 --> 00:21:11,65 believe that the box isn't another centralization 312 00:21:11,65 --> 00:21:14,78 that we're liable to fall into as a as I just one boxing. 313 00:21:14,78 --> 00:21:15,39 So lots 314 00:21:15,39 --> 00:21:20,26 and lots of surround here the lots knots knots of we have been discussion with. 315 00:21:20,26 --> 00:21:21,23 The P. 316 00:21:21,23 --> 00:21:28,05 Meeting yesterday with roots a very very cool project which I'm sure there will be 317 00:21:28,05 --> 00:21:34,00 available. But the but I think the the. 318 00:21:34,00 --> 00:21:39,95 What we all end in for is to make the web more. 319 00:21:39,95 --> 00:21:43,45 Better and also ways more reliable. 320 00:21:43,45 --> 00:21:46,42 For give it's here give you those you 321 00:21:46,42 --> 00:21:50,02 when you follow link in already for example H.T.M.L. You can now. 322 00:21:50,02 --> 00:21:55,54 One of the things happen on the site you can put a sub resource integrity. 323 00:21:55,54 --> 00:21:59,61 You can just mention just say in. 324 00:22:00,00 --> 00:22:03,20 When you're linking to something you can actually get it as well. 325 00:22:03,20 --> 00:22:09,84 So that's you know that's creeping into the top twenty. When he's down there. 326 00:22:09,84 --> 00:22:13,60 Which are adding to the Web as we know it. 327 00:22:13,60 --> 00:22:17,86 The sort of the name address by hash. 328 00:22:17,86 --> 00:22:24,53 If you properties that a lot of you have gotten your call does and so I said. 329 00:22:24,53 --> 00:22:25,81 So. 330 00:22:25,81 --> 00:22:31,03 A lot of the issues which we've been talking about we will be talking about about 331 00:22:31,03 --> 00:22:35,23 naming about should we. Fix the. 332 00:22:35,23 --> 00:22:38,60 I think a lot of people feel that the squatting I know 333 00:22:38,60 --> 00:22:41,23 when I try to have a really cool project and I thought. 334 00:22:41,23 --> 00:22:43,24 And I've had this mean for it like 335 00:22:43,24 --> 00:22:46,33 when can we meet common I find everything like 336 00:22:46,33 --> 00:22:51,72 when I have been bought by a speculator to me four hundred thousand dollars 337 00:22:51,72 --> 00:22:54,30 that is not very good for innovation. 338 00:22:54,30 --> 00:22:58,68 If there is one hundred thousand dollars tax for having a good idea which consists 339 00:22:58,68 --> 00:23:02,18 of several English words to all this is a when can we not. 340 00:23:02,18 --> 00:23:08,06 And that's why the world is full of things out there it's largely because of 341 00:23:08,06 --> 00:23:09,66 speculation which kind of sucks. 342 00:23:09,66 --> 00:23:13,35 So the management of the one possibility is we have a new top level domains which 343 00:23:13,35 --> 00:23:17,63 are managed completely differently West will find ways of ruling out speculation 344 00:23:17,63 --> 00:23:22,56 and other possibilities we actually start creating. 345 00:23:22,56 --> 00:23:29,42 Replacing the remaining system by something else exciting times exciting times 346 00:23:29,42 --> 00:23:35,35 and will end all end up is very important we on the producing standards of course 347 00:23:35,35 --> 00:23:39,95 one of the some of the exciting debate is going to be about the way these different 348 00:23:39,95 --> 00:23:44,11 projects can actually use different pieces. Pieces of each other. 349 00:23:44,11 --> 00:23:45,56 It's hard to do 350 00:23:45,56 --> 00:23:51,65 that because of constraining the way you work to be able to with somebody else work 351 00:23:51,65 --> 00:23:55,15 which sucks because it's easier to just go straight ahead 352 00:23:55,15 --> 00:23:59,90 and design your own system without the side you always have to catch it. 353 00:24:00,00 --> 00:24:06,85 You have to hit a happy medium other things that. By the way. 354 00:24:06,85 --> 00:24:11,00 Things I should mention having a way to see where working. 355 00:24:11,00 --> 00:24:15,67 You should check out which is very much in the space it's about very much about 356 00:24:15,67 --> 00:24:21,84 decentralized. Web authentication is a biggie all the systems need authentication. 357 00:24:21,84 --> 00:24:28,40 To taken over the fire work. There's also working with the. 358 00:24:28,40 --> 00:24:33,29 Community groups that we have with open which you could check out. 359 00:24:33,29 --> 00:24:41,33 So those things are close by places where to find other like minded thinking people. 360 00:24:41,33 --> 00:24:43,19 I think. 361 00:24:43,19 --> 00:24:49,46 Also the one of the things I hope we'll see is a merging of like is of the world of 362 00:24:49,46 --> 00:24:51,20 synchronization of sync 363 00:24:51,20 --> 00:24:56,55 and signaling systems things which think your phone your laptop and 364 00:24:56,55 --> 00:25:02,92 and bits of the cloud should start to be indistinguishable from the way. 365 00:25:02,92 --> 00:25:08,41 The Web itself also a lot of the Web sites out there are actually behind in the 366 00:25:08,41 --> 00:25:10,98 source codes and system that you can see the Web site 367 00:25:10,98 --> 00:25:14,14 and you can also follow a link to the gates of repository. 368 00:25:14,14 --> 00:25:18,43 Where is where is the get source code control of all the different versions of 369 00:25:18,43 --> 00:25:22,51 that website. Maybe we should start introducing to eighty P.. 370 00:25:22,51 --> 00:25:23,80 The links so 371 00:25:23,80 --> 00:25:30,85 that actually we start surfacing the whole we basically service get a 372 00:25:30,85 --> 00:25:37,83 redesign of get the CD Use which we service ourselves control 373 00:25:37,83 --> 00:25:40,18 functionality so that we capture all the different versions 374 00:25:40,18 --> 00:25:44,75 and they're all visible in a standard way when that we call that. 375 00:25:44,75 --> 00:25:46,03 And when we do 376 00:25:46,03 --> 00:25:51,09 that then we end up having come in line for talking about the differences between 377 00:25:51,09 --> 00:25:51,67 two versions 378 00:25:51,67 --> 00:25:54,83 and where you can have a common language between talking about this is your version 379 00:25:54,83 --> 00:25:59,14 is there are really cool things you can do by passing all the differences in a 380 00:25:59,14 --> 00:25:59,60 document. 381 00:26:00,00 --> 00:26:04,11 That you have on your laptop between around the other people in the boardroom as 382 00:26:04,11 --> 00:26:05,12 you're editing something so 383 00:26:05,12 --> 00:26:08,55 that you don't have to even rely on you can use the same technology 384 00:26:08,55 --> 00:26:13,70 but actually the systems could talk to each other over Bluetooth instead of. 385 00:26:13,70 --> 00:26:17,16 Lots of really exciting possibilities 386 00:26:17,16 --> 00:26:23,86 and they can gather in ways for me to try to elaborate would take much too long I 387 00:26:23,86 --> 00:26:30,80 just wanted to see which frustrated on behalf of. Everybody. 388 00:26:30,80 --> 00:26:34,45 And start. 389 00:26:34,45 --> 00:26:40,08 The very excited that we can reduce repeat centralise the web. 390 00:26:40,08 --> 00:26:46,66 Incredible group of people here thankful to Bruce the 391 00:26:46,66 --> 00:26:53,17 company. For all together. Thank you very much. 392 00:26:53,17 --> 00:27:02,10 So 393 00:27:02,10 --> 00:27:08,49 we take questions. If you have a question. 394 00:27:08,49 --> 00:27:12,30 Everyone to make it a question not a statement. 395 00:27:12,30 --> 00:27:16,51 And ask one question. 396 00:27:16,51 --> 00:27:28,83 I guess first happy birthday. 397 00:27:28,83 --> 00:27:35,76 And I guess I'm heartened 398 00:27:35,76 --> 00:27:40,01 by the fact that so far the talk has been about values that we want 399 00:27:40,01 --> 00:27:44,30 and how we can define went ahead of time before we go out. 400 00:27:44,30 --> 00:27:51,19 But I also wonder if you could comment just on maybe the top three maybe promising 401 00:27:51,19 --> 00:27:57,31 projects that we've talked about working. 402 00:28:00,35 --> 00:28:02,72 People ask me for the my top three websites 403 00:28:02,72 --> 00:28:06,08 and I always refuse because they are all very wonderful. 404 00:28:06,08 --> 00:28:09,58 So I asked about the topic. 405 00:28:09,58 --> 00:28:13,28 There are I would. 406 00:28:13,28 --> 00:28:18,01 Sorry I'm not going to pick a top three because they're wonderful in different ways 407 00:28:18,01 --> 00:28:21,90 it's not that they're all trying to achieve one particular thing 408 00:28:21,90 --> 00:28:24,38 and it's question who still has the moon. 409 00:28:24,38 --> 00:28:29,41 They got one person as moon shot we got some people working on fuel we got some 410 00:28:29,41 --> 00:28:34,97 people working on space of some people working on physics and navigation 411 00:28:34,97 --> 00:28:37,86 and they also saw the interesting thing is how they all fit together. 412 00:28:37,86 --> 00:28:41,25 You can put them in order just like Temple people in other 413 00:28:41,25 --> 00:28:48,16 Hi 414 00:28:48,16 --> 00:28:48,55 Jim. 415 00:28:48,55 --> 00:28:54,09 So I got involved a few years ago in training keep a bunch of my friends from joining 416 00:28:54,09 --> 00:28:56,83 a wildcard but they were nine technical people 417 00:28:56,83 --> 00:29:00,81 and it was ultimately impossible because the design of 418 00:29:00,81 --> 00:29:04,50 that garden made it very easy for them to understand what to do. 419 00:29:04,50 --> 00:29:10,74 So how do we get better design for our better for the world version of this thing 420 00:29:10,74 --> 00:29:17,29 because that's really the problem. Is a really important problem. 421 00:29:17,29 --> 00:29:18,86 Yes. 422 00:29:18,86 --> 00:29:20,84 One of the week 423 00:29:20,84 --> 00:29:26,87 when we're using a decentralized system where if you try to log onto a solid. 424 00:29:26,87 --> 00:29:31,68 What you're doing. When you first use is you first. 425 00:29:31,68 --> 00:29:34,77 Use any of these essential is that for the first time. 426 00:29:34,77 --> 00:29:39,18 If you're getting yourself an ID which will allow you to use any decent lives app 427 00:29:39,18 --> 00:29:44,15 and also allow them to store data on any server any of its servers you choose. 428 00:29:44,15 --> 00:29:45,86 Even if you buy a freedom box 429 00:29:45,86 --> 00:29:50,68 and plug it in a home because it's sort of on there 430 00:29:50,68 --> 00:29:57,34 and so there are lots of possibilities and so. How to make the sign of experience. 431 00:29:57,34 --> 00:29:59,15 Just like you sign up for the simplest. 432 00:30:00,00 --> 00:30:04,12 And that we can chat is one is is a really important goal 433 00:30:04,12 --> 00:30:08,86 and in a way of all the user experience they have the sign up experience is kind of 434 00:30:08,86 --> 00:30:15,37 a crucial one. So the on boarding. So I agree. Once. 435 00:30:15,37 --> 00:30:18,12 So there are so I hope the one of things 436 00:30:18,12 --> 00:30:23,08 that we'll do is we'll end up with really great designers pitching in to look at 437 00:30:23,08 --> 00:30:29,64 the job for example just to rewind you out of just to rant but start my P.G.P. 438 00:30:29,64 --> 00:30:35,20 that P.G.P. Is a great system. OK it's a great. The software U.I. 439 00:30:35,20 --> 00:30:39,44 Is really horrible is being worked on by hardly anybody with hardly any fans 440 00:30:39,44 --> 00:30:46,14 but for example if you were to take the the G P G 441 00:30:46,14 --> 00:30:47,61 says code and 442 00:30:47,61 --> 00:30:54,48 and take the drop down which says you're key is known you should 443 00:30:54,48 --> 00:31:00,12 launch the key manager and go download it and search for it and then storage 444 00:31:00,12 --> 00:31:02,80 and then save it and then maybe the Fed message will go away 445 00:31:02,80 --> 00:31:04,96 and change it to about me just does all that. 446 00:31:04,96 --> 00:31:09,42 OK Sometimes the things are very obvious 447 00:31:09,42 --> 00:31:15,17 and the paste systems where for years people haven't put the effort into just 448 00:31:15,17 --> 00:31:18,76 smoothing out and sometimes it helps sometimes it's not all is how to 449 00:31:18,76 --> 00:31:25,06 and sometimes people the course are huge hordes of people who work in the in the 450 00:31:25,06 --> 00:31:29,18 walled gardens as gardeners they are paid well. 451 00:31:29,18 --> 00:31:34,89 But there is always turns out in the long term 452 00:31:34,89 --> 00:31:38,94 that you can make the long walled garden very very sweet. 453 00:31:38,94 --> 00:31:42,68 But the jungle outsize with more appealing a longer because 454 00:31:42,68 --> 00:31:47,27 and because it's got because of a city which is produces So one of the cool thing 455 00:31:47,27 --> 00:31:49,35 is we in our decentralized world. 456 00:31:49,35 --> 00:31:50,84 We will have lots and lots of competing at 457 00:31:50,84 --> 00:31:55,19 and if we have good standards they will store data in compatible forms. 458 00:31:55,19 --> 00:31:59,85 So you could switch from one to another key preserving your entire first. 459 00:32:00,00 --> 00:32:03,71 From your contacts in your life and you know 460 00:32:03,71 --> 00:32:10,28 that you'll be at the switch choose which fitness apps in life contact you can use 461 00:32:10,28 --> 00:32:12,42 because they're using status 462 00:32:12,42 --> 00:32:19,96 and power. 463 00:32:19,96 --> 00:32:26,93 Well as to not be able to move from one to the 464 00:32:26,93 --> 00:32:33,92 next. Thanks for your big but interesting idea. 465 00:32:33,92 --> 00:32:36,35 Maybe a big question. 466 00:32:36,35 --> 00:32:37,20 Actually related 467 00:32:37,20 --> 00:32:43,58 to 468 00:32:43,58 --> 00:32:46,84 the web as it is now is going to design for document 469 00:32:46,84 --> 00:32:52,19 and we still talk about Web document's but so much of the applications 470 00:32:52,19 --> 00:32:56,51 and things like that is really data being delivered over the web 471 00:32:56,51 --> 00:33:04,98 but there's no interoperable you know Facebook has it's standard for their data. 472 00:33:04,98 --> 00:33:09,64 All these companies have different ways of representing their data are you aware of 473 00:33:09,64 --> 00:33:14,58 any standards that kind of hoped to unify this kind of data layer 474 00:33:14,58 --> 00:33:20,97 and how would you go about promoting that given these ideas are really hard. 475 00:33:20,97 --> 00:33:23,35 There's there's a million different ideas for doing this. 476 00:33:23,35 --> 00:33:28,72 How do you standardize people on one while the solid project is exactly that. 477 00:33:28,72 --> 00:33:35,19 Solid early days is at the developer So how would I promote it. 478 00:33:35,19 --> 00:33:37,50 I was a pure developer. 479 00:33:37,50 --> 00:33:44,23 You do things like think about using turtle and getting drinking the. 480 00:33:44,23 --> 00:33:49,83 Data Kool-Aid because it's cool and. When you. 481 00:33:49,83 --> 00:33:56,10 And then look at the solid stuff because a solid idea of that is. 482 00:33:56,10 --> 00:33:59,52 I says There's two levels. One is the go. 483 00:34:00,00 --> 00:34:03,45 No I'm talking about this particular project that. 484 00:34:03,45 --> 00:34:09,53 The goal is that the data stores are have generic A.P.I.. 485 00:34:09,53 --> 00:34:09,89 So 486 00:34:09,89 --> 00:34:16,32 that is one of those standardization you can tweak files you can as data you can just. 487 00:34:16,32 --> 00:34:19,96 Fax to a file. 488 00:34:19,96 --> 00:34:25,45 By hooking them the SO at that level 489 00:34:25,45 --> 00:34:27,98 that you're reading and writing files 490 00:34:27,98 --> 00:34:31,95 and you're also editing files she can treat any files a database basically. 491 00:34:31,95 --> 00:34:36,37 That level just implements a certain function. 492 00:34:36,37 --> 00:34:40,26 No more so that we need a sudden understand to be a sort of server 493 00:34:40,26 --> 00:34:41,67 when we've got one 494 00:34:41,67 --> 00:34:48,52 and go we've gone to a node to be a subset of it you just need to make it all work. 495 00:34:48,52 --> 00:34:53,25 The apps can write stuff into storage they can't just write a thing so 496 00:34:53,25 --> 00:34:56,22 that we have to standardize how you store your contacts how used to your friends 497 00:34:56,22 --> 00:35:01,32 how you store your how you how you build the interactions because it's on just 498 00:35:01,32 --> 00:35:05,90 pieces of data invitations. And acceptances and things like that. 499 00:35:05,90 --> 00:35:10,87 So we're working through that to join us here 500 00:35:10,87 --> 00:35:17,36 but how do you like this is the best I can do. 501 00:35:17,36 --> 00:35:22,55 Hello. Thank you so much for attending and for your work. 502 00:35:22,55 --> 00:35:27,90 I'm wondering how you feel about global access to the Internet 503 00:35:27,90 --> 00:35:33,14 and how keeping this sort of jungle open allows you know like Africa is considered 504 00:35:33,14 --> 00:35:36,50 a mobile only market at this point rather than mobile first 505 00:35:36,50 --> 00:35:41,77 and just the way you know traditionally disadvantaged populations in the world are 506 00:35:41,77 --> 00:35:43,56 starting to access the Internet. 507 00:35:43,56 --> 00:35:49,07 I'm wondering if you think like keeping this an siloed Internet allows people in 508 00:35:49,07 --> 00:35:52,64 those areas to have the sort of access that we all had in the ninety's 509 00:35:52,64 --> 00:35:57,79 and ultimately you know everyone in this room were really privileged to be embedded 510 00:35:57,79 --> 00:36:01,62 in tech to this degree. I'm wondering if like the project. 511 00:36:01,62 --> 00:36:05,55 MIT and stuff like that if they have any focus on our you know 512 00:36:05,55 --> 00:36:07,79 that sort of access globally. 513 00:36:07,79 --> 00:36:11,23 Well check out the foundation for example with Foundation dot org. 514 00:36:11,23 --> 00:36:17,60 Yeah we are right now we are privileged we are the number of people using 515 00:36:17,60 --> 00:36:20,67 the web. When we started the foundation. 516 00:36:20,67 --> 00:36:25,65 We were shocked that it was ten percent then twenty percent of the world and 517 00:36:25,65 --> 00:36:28,10 that point for the first time. 518 00:36:28,10 --> 00:36:29,88 We could've talked about it a human right 519 00:36:29,88 --> 00:36:32,51 when it was point zero zero zero one percent of the people in the room 520 00:36:32,51 --> 00:36:34,85 but now it's getting to the. 521 00:36:34,85 --> 00:36:38,40 So we started with foundation because well what about all those people who don't 522 00:36:38,40 --> 00:36:40,37 have access. Well now it's come up. 523 00:36:40,37 --> 00:36:43,95 It's about forty one percent roughly so that means 524 00:36:43,95 --> 00:36:47,70 that something very cool is going to happen something very historic is going to 525 00:36:47,70 --> 00:36:51,82 happen it's going to go from being a to next year 526 00:36:51,82 --> 00:36:54,59 or two is going to cost fifty percent. And so suddenly. 527 00:36:54,59 --> 00:36:59,14 What was a minority thing will be coming majority think so yes obviously a huge 528 00:36:59,14 --> 00:37:01,32 amount of effort as we as we do 529 00:37:01,32 --> 00:37:06,24 that as we go through this a lot of effort needs to look at the Alliance for the 530 00:37:06,24 --> 00:37:07,91 photo Internet and things like that. 531 00:37:07,91 --> 00:37:14,04 I'd already trying to just get the cost of devices get the cost down the 532 00:37:14,04 --> 00:37:18,72 connectivity making sure the on time reasonable taxes on all plays across the 533 00:37:18,72 --> 00:37:23,47 developing world. So that's really very important as we go through this. 534 00:37:23,47 --> 00:37:27,08 But then of course this as it suddenly becomes a majority. 535 00:37:27,08 --> 00:37:32,07 There's a different in a way the issue of something different 536 00:37:32,07 --> 00:37:36,92 and now all of the majority of people in the world who have the Web So your 537 00:37:36,92 --> 00:37:39,42 business or government doesn't have to really bother with the people who don't. 538 00:37:39,42 --> 00:37:41,23 So the government. 539 00:37:41,23 --> 00:37:47,07 The digital divide has become has the gap has become bigger. 540 00:37:47,07 --> 00:37:50,51 Because suddenly all the people made assumptions that you're online and so. 541 00:37:50,51 --> 00:37:53,68 So for the last twenty percent last ten percent. 542 00:37:53,68 --> 00:37:57,45 A lot of we need to work a lot of mitigation for how to help people live who are 543 00:37:57,45 --> 00:37:59,57 not online and so on and so. 544 00:38:01,24 --> 00:38:13,08 OK Well what we'll do is I'll close the two questions in just a question. 545 00:38:13,08 --> 00:38:16,96 To close the Q Two questions but I take the ones which were on the queue. 546 00:38:16,96 --> 00:38:19,05 So I think the Web platform 547 00:38:19,05 --> 00:38:24,11 and Macs the web platform has evolved an amazing amount the last ten years. 548 00:38:24,11 --> 00:38:26,71 Javascript is a lot faster but I think 549 00:38:26,71 --> 00:38:30,19 that a lot of the fundamental innovations have kind of been accidental 550 00:38:30,19 --> 00:38:34,48 or driven by big interests. So for example we got Web G.L. 551 00:38:34,48 --> 00:38:36,27 Because people want to make games on a browser 552 00:38:36,27 --> 00:38:39,50 and then now we get as a side effect type to raise 553 00:38:39,50 --> 00:38:42,77 and we can work with binary data which opens up a whole new section of Web Apps 554 00:38:42,77 --> 00:38:46,57 and then we people want to make video calls in the browser so we got Web R.T.C. 555 00:38:46,57 --> 00:38:50,29 and As a side effect we can build these distributed file systems in the browser. 556 00:38:50,29 --> 00:38:51,23 Do you think 557 00:38:51,23 --> 00:38:55,01 that we need as a group one of these big interests to push through the standards 558 00:38:55,01 --> 00:38:58,86 process that secretly give us these side effects that we need 559 00:38:58,86 --> 00:39:00,78 or do you think as a group. 560 00:39:00,78 --> 00:39:04,00 We don't have the use case yet that can get the standards. 561 00:39:04,00 --> 00:39:08,04 Implemented because we need a kind of big semi truck to write in on do you think 562 00:39:08,04 --> 00:39:12,09 that's accurate. I don't think we need something weird one. 563 00:39:12,09 --> 00:39:16,21 When I use this stuff for my daily life. I use it for my. 564 00:39:16,21 --> 00:39:23,06 For example if you invite me to something seminar it goes into a 565 00:39:23,06 --> 00:39:26,06 track which is all based on solid and so. 566 00:39:26,06 --> 00:39:30,11 Using that basically for years and keeping a track and. 567 00:39:30,11 --> 00:39:36,47 Solid data and my feeling is that. If you want with a killer app. 568 00:39:36,47 --> 00:39:41,70 I mean one of the things one possibility is actually the early adopter community is 569 00:39:41,70 --> 00:39:46,02 developers because they can they can use to pull stuff as well so they understand 570 00:39:46,02 --> 00:39:49,34 they they will understand what's going on and get all excited about it 571 00:39:49,34 --> 00:39:54,05 and maybe just you know we using you know we we have used I.R.C. 572 00:39:54,05 --> 00:39:57,88 For ages because it's been kind of had a nice decentralized uncontrolled feel. 573 00:39:57,88 --> 00:40:02,02 But this. I think that the slack channel here. 574 00:40:02,02 --> 00:40:07,19 No Slack is another sign of your recommend to tweet. 575 00:40:07,19 --> 00:40:11,01 Twitter is tricky because a big centralized for a reason. 576 00:40:11,01 --> 00:40:13,22 Is centralized for a reason. 577 00:40:13,22 --> 00:40:14,74 And the lots 578 00:40:14,74 --> 00:40:18,25 and lots of versions of get your stuff so one of these you know we just get 579 00:40:18,25 --> 00:40:22,20 together office tomorrow and we make a solid based. 580 00:40:22,20 --> 00:40:28,73 Chat and basically whatever groups need to organize. 581 00:40:28,73 --> 00:40:32,69 Share meeting materials and stuff like that a few basics. 582 00:40:32,69 --> 00:40:35,22 So it could be that it's not rocket science 583 00:40:35,22 --> 00:40:42,04 but just day to day life really slaps could do it. 584 00:40:42,04 --> 00:40:45,46 But one. 585 00:40:45,46 --> 00:40:49,33 Question is going to be about kind of the front here so we're talking about 586 00:40:49,33 --> 00:40:51,08 decentralization and location 587 00:40:51,08 --> 00:40:54,44 and moving the web outside of some particular point 588 00:40:54,44 --> 00:40:56,14 and adding content dressing it all going to stop 589 00:40:56,14 --> 00:41:00,56 but there's a lot of other things going on in the network right now so. 590 00:41:00,56 --> 00:41:03,62 Things like the coin reminded us that we can have payment systems 591 00:41:03,62 --> 00:41:08,00 that are decentralized we are getting overturned in terms of the organizations 592 00:41:08,00 --> 00:41:11,07 or authorities that run these systems. 593 00:41:11,07 --> 00:41:15,61 Where one point was about connecting all the devices to be able to exchange 594 00:41:15,61 --> 00:41:16,36 documents 595 00:41:16,36 --> 00:41:19,57 and be able to have information sharing Web two point zero was about making 596 00:41:19,57 --> 00:41:24,36 everything dynamic and being able to have a read write connection with a website. 597 00:41:24,36 --> 00:41:28,16 What do you think is Web two point things like the block chain 598 00:41:28,16 --> 00:41:31,71 that are giving us payment systems and application processing systems 599 00:41:31,71 --> 00:41:35,89 that are decentralized things like the file systems that we're going to talk about. 600 00:41:35,89 --> 00:41:39,81 In this conference that gives us that lift the web from a location. 601 00:41:39,81 --> 00:41:42,86 There's a lot of disenfranchised people around the planet people in developing 602 00:41:42,86 --> 00:41:43,24 world 603 00:41:43,24 --> 00:41:48,02 that can actually connect reliably to the rest of the internet cannot maintain a 604 00:41:48,02 --> 00:41:51,58 proper connection. What do you think is the frontier. 605 00:41:51,58 --> 00:41:56,77 I would love to hear more about like various ideas. For that piece. 606 00:41:56,77 --> 00:41:59,75 There are solutions coming along. 607 00:42:00,00 --> 00:42:02,20 And lo and think 608 00:42:02,20 --> 00:42:05,77 that that's a bit of a distraction let's go back to the essential thing about the 609 00:42:05,77 --> 00:42:08,46 sort of the way people. 610 00:42:08,46 --> 00:42:14,18 Yes The web is a web of documents when you use and 611 00:42:14,18 --> 00:42:20,68 when you download an app about when you. And you run it. 612 00:42:20,68 --> 00:42:24,54 You run a bunch I was kept very often. You're actually exploring a piece of data. 613 00:42:24,54 --> 00:42:27,17 So you have behind is the weather data. 614 00:42:27,17 --> 00:42:31,84 So one of the directions is exposing the weather data to use if you like allowing 615 00:42:31,84 --> 00:42:33,57 realize that and realize that what they're looking for 616 00:42:33,57 --> 00:42:36,84 when they're looking at a bank statement presented by their bank they could 617 00:42:36,84 --> 00:42:40,60 actually turn on a bunch of really cool more powerful tools to look at 618 00:42:40,60 --> 00:42:42,79 that bank statement and to do their taxes and so on 619 00:42:42,79 --> 00:42:49,38 that they could buy good money for apps. So exposing the weather data. Is. 620 00:42:49,38 --> 00:42:53,13 In a way true sitting standing on so the question. 621 00:42:53,13 --> 00:42:57,04 The reason why people have apps is because they need powerful ways of looking at 622 00:42:57,04 --> 00:42:57,34 the data 623 00:42:57,34 --> 00:43:04,06 and in fact so maybe our hope will be a web which is two pieces it's 624 00:43:04,06 --> 00:43:06,04 just a plain documenting the documents 625 00:43:06,04 --> 00:43:08,87 that you will just look at with the normal browser 626 00:43:08,87 --> 00:43:14,28 and the the space of data which you explore using powerful tools 627 00:43:14,28 --> 00:43:19,52 but tools which will be hope for the archival 628 00:43:19,52 --> 00:43:24,83 and which will be poked looking at standards. 629 00:43:24,83 --> 00:43:29,42 Data which you will still be able to read in twenty years time. OK OK so the. 630 00:43:29,42 --> 00:43:32,02 The I will take I was going to take asked a question 631 00:43:32,02 --> 00:43:37,17 but there's no stopping the question. Well with your answer link data. 632 00:43:37,17 --> 00:43:38,34 I've watched the libraries 633 00:43:38,34 --> 00:43:41,88 and archives will put a lot of effort into adopting getting their heads around data. 634 00:43:41,88 --> 00:43:45,71 And then getting momentum up behind adoption and now when I go into that space 635 00:43:45,71 --> 00:43:49,18 and talk about decentralization. 636 00:43:49,18 --> 00:43:55,90 Some confusion comes up around identifiers and I wonder. In the rules of linked. 637 00:43:55,90 --> 00:43:59,50 One of the rules is that your identifiers are H.T.T.P. Your eyes. 638 00:44:00,00 --> 00:44:05,13 It was designed for the web documents raid hypertext. 639 00:44:05,13 --> 00:44:12,21 So do you feel like he's still has a role in the web. 640 00:44:12,21 --> 00:44:15,36 Or knows no no no web. 641 00:44:15,36 --> 00:44:21,74 He was not designed for weather documents in the sense of the word documents 642 00:44:21,74 --> 00:44:28,36 he was designed to be a set of identifiers and a thing on the web says you can use. 643 00:44:28,36 --> 00:44:34,29 You can you make a you or I to talk about this church this organization yourself. 644 00:44:34,29 --> 00:44:36,31 So this so if you look the way 645 00:44:36,31 --> 00:44:42,95 and in fact sort of quick where architecture went to what the hash 646 00:44:42,95 --> 00:44:49,05 is the hash mark the Web design is we will take the documents 647 00:44:49,05 --> 00:44:52,30 and we will put a hash and then after the hash. 648 00:44:52,30 --> 00:44:56,67 We will put something else which depending on what system you're in identify 649 00:44:56,67 --> 00:44:57,85 something within the document. 650 00:44:57,85 --> 00:44:59,64 So this can be a document about the church 651 00:44:59,64 --> 00:45:05,32 and then hash this church itself is the church itself. OK So R.D.F. 652 00:45:05,32 --> 00:45:11,17 Uses a different league to use as it does 653 00:45:11,17 --> 00:45:16,96 and in fact you can use these and you can use these identifiers. 654 00:45:16,96 --> 00:45:21,68 Just as identify as you can use in my caches if you like all the times you look you 655 00:45:21,68 --> 00:45:24,52 can cache them or you can hash them and you can you can you. 656 00:45:24,52 --> 00:45:27,08 Any facts because you can look them up. 657 00:45:27,08 --> 00:45:30,17 As well but that's that's something 658 00:45:30,17 --> 00:45:34,09 that you ways need we can change. 659 00:45:34,09 --> 00:45:37,92 Sometimes you need to for sometimes use your you need to have your answer. 660 00:45:37,92 --> 00:45:42,36 Most of the time almost always you need to have something valuable to look at these 661 00:45:42,36 --> 00:45:50,57 things up so. I think what I'd like to be able to do is to stick with using H.T.T.P.. 662 00:45:50,57 --> 00:45:55,77 For the name space and then morph and then we have and we're constantly changing 663 00:45:55,77 --> 00:45:59,13 and changing to complete redesign just came out. 664 00:46:00,00 --> 00:46:03,52 A We're constantly adding headers to it in a solid project 665 00:46:03,52 --> 00:46:07,90 and other projects because you can flow in your head is so things. 666 00:46:07,90 --> 00:46:13,22 So if you want to use it in a particular way for a semantic web identifies the 667 00:46:13,22 --> 00:46:17,57 things which are distributed between different desktops or for example 668 00:46:17,57 --> 00:46:20,90 or in a very peer to peer way you can you can do that. 669 00:46:20,90 --> 00:46:24,40 So we can talk about let's talk about this of the great 670 00:46:24,40 --> 00:46:30,51 job. 671 00:46:30,51 --> 00:46:32,69 Let's give it up first 672 00:46:32,69 --> 00:46:34,35 or timbres only on his birthday 673 00:46:34,35 --> 00:46:42,84 or the 674 00:46:42,84 --> 00:46:43,37 history books.